David Schweikert
13 years ago
commit
19b041904b
@ -1,228 +1,223 @@
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.TH fping 8
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.TH fping 8
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.SH NAME
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.SH NAME
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fping \- send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
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fping \- send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B fping
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.B fping
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[ \fIoptions\fR ]
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[ \fIoptions\fR ]
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[ \fIsystems...\fR ]
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[ \fIsystems...\fR ]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.NXR "fping command"
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.B fping
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.NXR "ICMP ECHO_REQUEST"
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is a program like
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.B ping(8)
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which uses the Internet Control
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.B fping
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Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request to determine if a target host is
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is a program like
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responding.
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.B ping(8)
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.B fping
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which uses the Internet Control
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differs from ping in that you can specify any
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Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request to determine if a target host is
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number of targets on the command line, or specify a file containing
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responding.
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the lists of targets to ping. Instead of sending to one target until it
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.B fping
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times out or replies,
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differs from ping in that you can specify any
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.B fping
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number of targets on the command line, or specify a file containing
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will send out a ping packet and move
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the lists of targets to ping. Instead of sending to one target until it
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on to the next target in a round-robin fashion.
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times out or replies,
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.PP
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.B fping
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In the default mode, if a target replies,
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will send out a ping packet and move
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it is noted and removed from the list of targets to check; if a target
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on to the next target in a round-robin fashion.
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does not respond within a certain time limit and/or retry limit it
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.PP
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is designated as unreachable.
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In the default mode, if a target replies,
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.B fping
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it is noted and removed from the list of targets to check; if a target
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also supports sending a specified number of pings to a target, or
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does not respond within a certain time limit and/or retry limit it
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looping indefinitely (as in
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is designated as unreachable.
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.B ping
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.B fping
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).
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also supports sending a specified number of pings to a target, or
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.PP
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looping indefinitely (as in
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Unlike
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.B ping
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.B ping,
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).
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.B fping
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.PP
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is meant to be used in scripts, so its output is designed to be
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Unlike
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easy to parse.
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.B ping,
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.SH OPTIONS
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.B fping
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.IP \fB\-a\fR 5
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is meant to be used in scripts, so its output is designed to be
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Show systems that are alive.
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easy to parse.
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.IP \fB\-A\fR 5
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.SH OPTIONS
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Display targets by address rather than DNS name.
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.IP \fB-a\fR 5
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.IP \fB\-b\fIn\fR 5
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Show systems that are alive.
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Number of bytes of ping data to send. The minimum size (normally 12)
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.IP \fB-A\fR 5
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allows room for the data that
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Display targets by address rather than DNS name.
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.B fping
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.IP \fB-b\fIn\fR 5
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needs to do its work (sequence number, timestamp). The reported
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Number of bytes of ping data to send. The minimum size (normally 12)
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received data size includes the IP header (normally 20 bytes) and ICMP
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allows room for the data that
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header (8 bytes), so the minimum total size is 40 bytes. Default is
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.B fping
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56, as in
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needs to do its work (sequence number, timestamp). The reported
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.B ping.
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received data size includes the IP header (normally 20 bytes) and ICMP
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Maximum is the theoretical maximum IP datagram size (64K), though most
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header (8 bytes), so the minimum total size is 40 bytes. Default is
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systems limit this to a smaller, system-dependent number.
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56, as in
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.IP \fB\-B\fIn\fR 5
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.B ping.
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In the default mode,
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Maximum is the theoretical maximum IP datagram size (64K), though most
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.B fping
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systems limit this to a smaller, system-dependent number.
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sends several requests to a target before giving up, waiting longer for
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.IP \fB-B\fIn\fR 5
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a reply on each successive request. This parameter is the value by
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In the default mode,
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which the wait time is multiplied on each successive request; it must
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.B fping
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be entered as a floating-point number (x.y). The default is 1.5.
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sends several requests to a target before giving up, waiting longer for
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.IP \fB\-c\fR 5
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a reply on each successive request. This parameter is the value by
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Number of request packets to send to each target. In this mode, a
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which the wait time is multiplied on each successive request; it must
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line is displayed for each received response (this can suppressed with
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be entered as a floating-point number (x.y). The default is 1.5.
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\-q or \-Q). Also, statistics about responses for each target are displayed
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.IP \fB-c\fR 5
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when all requests have been sent (or when interrupted).
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Number of request packets to send to each target. In this mode, a
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.IP \fB-C\fR 5
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line is displayed for each received response (this can suppressed with
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Similar to \-c, but the per-target statistics are displayed in a format
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-q or -Q). Also, statistics about responses for each target are displayed
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designed for automated response-time statistics gathering. For
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when all requests have been sent (or when interrupted).
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example:
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.IP \fB-C\fR 5
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Similar to -c, but the per-target statistics are displayed in a format
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% fping \-C 5 \-q somehost
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designed for automated response-time statistics gathering. For
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example:
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somehost : 91.7 37.0 29.2 \- 36.8
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% fping -C 5 -q somehost
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shows the response time in milliseconds for each of the five requests,
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with the "\-" indicating that no response was received to the fourth
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somehost : 91.7 37.0 29.2 - 36.8
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request.
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.IP \fB\-d\fR 5
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shows the response time in milliseconds for each of the five requests,
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Use DNS to lookup address of return ping packet. This allows you to give
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with the "-" indicating that no response was received to the fourth
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fping a list of IP addresses as input and print hostnames in the output.
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request.
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.IP \fB\-e\fR 5
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.IP \fB-d\fR 5
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Show elapsed (round-trip) time of packets.
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Use DNS to lookup address of return ping packet. This allows you to give
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.IP \fB\-f\fR 5
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fping a list of IP addresses as input and print hostnames in the output.
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Read list of targets from a file. This option can only be used by the
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.IP \fB-e\fR 5
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root user. Regular users should pipe in the file via stdin:
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Show elapsed (round-trip) time of packets.
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.IP \fB-f\fR 5
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% fping < targets_file
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Read list of targets from a file. This option can only be used by the
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root user. Regular users should pipe in the file via stdin:
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.IP \fB\-g\fR 5
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Generate a target list from a supplied IP netmask, or a starting and ending IP.
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% fping < targets_file
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Specify the netmask or start/end in the targets portion of the command line.
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.IP \fB-g\fR 5
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ex. To ping the class C 192.168.1.x, the specified command line could look like either:
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Generate a target list from a supplied IP netmask, or a starting and ending IP.
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Specify the netmask or start/end in the targets portion of the command line.
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fping \-g 192.168.1.0/24
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ex. To ping the class C 192.168.1.x, the specified command line could look like either:
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or
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fping -g 192.168.1.0/24
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fping -g 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.255
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.IP \fB\-h\fR 5
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or
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Print usage message.
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.IP \fB\-i\fIn\fR 5
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fping -g 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.255
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The minimum amount of time (in milliseconds) between sending a ping packet to any target (default is 25).
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.IP \fB-h\fR 5
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.IP \fB\-l\fR 5
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Print usage message.
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Loop sending packets to each target indefinitely. Can be interrupted
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.IP \fB-i\fIn\fR 5
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with Ctrl-C; statistics about responses for each target are then displayed.
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The minimum amount of time (in milliseconds) between sending a ping packet to any target (default is 25).
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.IP \fB\-m\fR 5
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.IP \fB-l\fR 5
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Send pings to each of a target host's multiple interfaces.
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Loop sending packets to each target indefinitely. Can be interrupted
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.IP \fB\-n\fR 5
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with ctl-C; statistics about responses for each target are then displayed.
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Same as \-d.
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.IP \fB-m\fR 5
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.IP \fB\-p\fR 5
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Send pings to each of a target host's multiple interfaces.
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In looping or counting modes (\-l, \-c, or \-C), this parameter sets the
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.IP \fB-n\fR 5
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time in milliseconds that
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Same as -d.
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.B fping
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.IP \fB-p\fR 5
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waits between successive packets to an individual target. Default is
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In looping or counting modes (-l, -c, or -C), this parameter sets the
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1000.
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time in milliseconds that
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.IP \fB\-q\fR 5
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.B fping
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Quiet. Don't show per-target results, just set final exit status.
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waits between successive packets to an individual target. Default is
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.IP \fB\-Q\fIn\fR 5
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1000.
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Like \-q, but show summary results every n seconds.
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.IP \fB-q\fR 5
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.IP \fB\-r\fIn\fR 5
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Quiet. Don't show per-target results, just set final exit status.
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Retry limit (default 3). This is the number of times an attempt at pinging
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.IP \fB-Q\fIn\fR 5
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a target will be made, not including the first try.
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Like -q, but show summary results every n seconds.
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.IP \fB\-s\fR 5
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.IP \fB-r\fIn\fR 5
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Print cumulative statistics upon exit.
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Retry limit (default 3). This is the number of times an attempt at pinging
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.IP \fB\-S\fIaddr\fR 5
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a target will be made, not including the first try.
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Set source address.
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.IP \fB-s\fR 5
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.IP \fB\-I\fIif\fR 5
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Print cumulative statistics upon exit.
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Set the interface (requires SO_BINDTODEVICE support)
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.IP \fB-S\fIaddr\fR 5
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.IP \fB\-t\fIn\fR 5
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Set source address.
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Initial target timeout in milliseconds (default 500). In the default
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.IP \fB-I\fIif\fR 5
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mode, this is the amount of time that
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Set the interface (requires SO_BINDTODEVICE support)
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.B fping
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.IP \fB-t\fIn\fR 5
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waits for a response to its first request. Successive timeouts are
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Initial target timeout in milliseconds (default 500). In the default
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multiplied by the backoff factor.
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mode, this is the amount of time that
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.IP \fB\-T\fIn\fR 5
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.B fping
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Ignored (for compatibility with fping 2.4).
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waits for a response to its first request. Successive timeouts are
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.IP \fB\-u\fR 5
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multiplied by the backoff factor.
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Show targets that are unreachable.
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.IP \fB-T\fIn\fR 5
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.IP \fB\-T\fIn\fR 5
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Ignored (for compatibility with fping 2.4).
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Set the typ of service flag (TOS). \fIn\fR can be either decimal or hexadecimal (0xh) format.
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.IP \fB-u\fR 5
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.IP \fB\-v\fR 5
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Show targets that are unreachable.
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Print
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.IP \fB-T\fIn\fR 5
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.B fping
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Set the typ of service flag (TOS). \fIn\fR can be either decimal or hexadecimal (0xh) format.
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version information.
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.IP \fB-v\fR 5
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Print
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.SH EXAMPLES
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.B fping
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The following perl script will check a list of hosts and send mail if
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version information.
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any are unreachable. It uses the open2 function which allows a program
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to be opened for reading and writing. fping does not start pinging the
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.SH EXAMPLES
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list of systems until it reads EOF, which it gets after INPUT is closed.
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The following perl script will check a list of hosts and send mail if
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Sure the open2 usage is not needed in this example, but it's a good open2
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any are unreachable. It uses the open2 function which allows a program
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example none the less.
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to be opened for reading and writing. fping does not start pinging the
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.nf
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list of systems until it reads EOF, which it gets after INPUT is closed.
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Sure the open2 usage is not needed in this example, but it's a good open2
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#!/usr/bin/perl
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example none the less.
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require 'open2.pl';
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.nf
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$MAILTO = "root";
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#!/usr/bin/perl
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require 'open2.pl';
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$pid = &open2("OUTPUT","INPUT","/usr/local/bin/fping -u");
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$MAILTO = "root";
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@check=("slapshot","foo","foobar");
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$pid = &open2("OUTPUT","INPUT","/usr/local/bin/fping -u");
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foreach(@check) { print INPUT "$_\\n"; }
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close(INPUT);
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@check=("slapshot","foo","foobar");
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@output=<OUTPUT>;
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foreach(@check) { print INPUT "$_\\n"; }
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if ($#output != -1) {
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close(INPUT);
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chop($date=`date`);
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@output=<OUTPUT>;
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open(MAIL,"|mail -s 'unreachable systems' $MAILTO");
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print MAIL "\\nThe following systems are unreachable as of: $date\\n\\n";
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if ($#output != -1) {
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print MAIL @output;
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chop($date=`date`);
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close MAIL;
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open(MAIL,"|mail -s 'unreachable systems' $MAILTO");
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}
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print MAIL "\\nThe following systems are unreachable as of: $date\\n\\n";
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print MAIL @output;
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.fi
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close MAIL;
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Another good example is when you want to perform an action only on hosts
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}
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that are currently reachable.
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.nf
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.ni
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Another good example is when you want to perform an action only on hosts
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#!/usr/bin/perl
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that are currently reachable.
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.nf
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$hosts_to_backup = `cat /etc/hosts.backup | fping -a`;
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#!/usr/bin/perl
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foreach $host (split(/\\n/,$hosts_to_backup)) {
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# do it
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$hosts_to_backup = `cat /etc/hosts.backup | fping -a`;
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}
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foreach $host (split(/\\n/,$hosts_to_backup)) {
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.fi
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# do it
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}
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.SH AUTHORS
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.nf
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.ni
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Roland J. Schemers III, Stanford University, concept and versions 1.x
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RL "Bob" Morgan, Stanford University, versions 2.x
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.SH AUTHORS
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David Papp, versions 2.3x and up,
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.nf
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David Schweikert, versions 3.0 and up
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Roland J. Schemers III, Stanford University, concept and versions 1.x
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fping website: http://www.fping.org
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RL "Bob" Morgan, Stanford University, versions 2.x
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.fi
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David Papp, versions 2.3x and up,
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.SH DIAGNOSTICS
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David Schweikert, versions 3.0 and up
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Exit status is 0 if all the hosts are reachable, 1 if some hosts were
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fping website: http://www.fping.org
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unreachable, 2 if any IP addresses were not found, 3 for invalid
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.ni
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command line arguments, and 4 for a system call failure.
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.SH DIAGNOSTICS
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.SH BUGS
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Exit status is 0 if all the hosts are reachable, 1 if some hosts were
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Ha! If we knew of any we would have fixed them!
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unreachable, 2 if any IP addresses were not found, 3 for invalid
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.SH RESTRICTIONS
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command line arguments, and 4 for a system call failure.
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If certain options are used (i.e, a low value for \-i and \-t, and a
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.SH BUGS
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high value for \-r) it is possible to flood the network. This program
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Ha! If we knew of any we would have fixed them!
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must be installed as setuid root in order to open up a raw socket,
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.SH RESTRICTIONS
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or must be run by root. In order to stop mere mortals from hosing the
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If certain options are used (i.e, a low value for -i and -t, and a
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network (when fping is installed setuid root) , normal users can't specify
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high value for -r) it is possible to flood the network. This program
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the following:
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must be installed as setuid root in order to open up a raw socket,
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.nf
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or must be run by root. In order to stop mere mortals from hosing the
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network (when fping is installed setuid root) , normal users can't specify
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-i n where n < 10 msec
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the following:
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-r n where n > 20
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.nf
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-t n where n < 250 msec
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-i n where n < 10 msec
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.fi
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-r n where n > 20
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.SH SEE ALSO
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-t n where n < 250 msec
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netstat(1), ping(8), ifconfig(8c)
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.ni
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.SH SEE ALSO
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netstat(1), ping(8), ifconfig(8c)
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Reference in New Issue